Approval of the Non-Resident Firearms Declaration allows only standard rifles and shotguns commonly used for hunting and target shooting
to be transported into or through Canada.

Handguns with at least 4-inch barrels are considered "restricted" firearms and are allowed in Canada, but require the completion an approval
of an Application for an Authorization to Transport Restricted Firearms. This Non-Resident Firearm Declaration costs $50 Canadian.

Handguns with barrels shorter than 4-inches, fully automatic, converted automatics, and assault-type weapons are "prohibited" and not allowed
in Canada. In addition, certain knives, even those used for hunting and fishing, may be considered prohibited weapons by Canadian officials.

Prohibited firearms


These firearms are fully banned for importation into Canada.  Regardless of licensing and paperwork, prohibited weapons will be seized at the border and destroyed.   
These include:

- handguns with barrels less than or equal to 105 mm (4.14 inches) long
- handguns designed or adapted to discharge a 25 or 32-calibre cartridge
- firearms adapted from rifles or shotguns by sawing, cutting or any other alteration, that, when adapted in this way, are less than 660 mm (about 26 inches) long
     or have a barrel that is less than 457 mm (about 18 inches) long
- automatic firearms, whether or not altered to fire in the manner of a semi-automatic firearm
- silencers or devices designed to muffle or stop the sound of a firearm
- certain cartridge magazines above a given capacity. Generally, cartridge magazines are limited to 5 rounds for centre-fire, semi-automatic rifles or shotguns and
     10 rounds for semiautomatic handguns, with exemptions for certain magazines
- bullpup stocks
- Replica firearms that are designed or intended to exactly resemble a firearm with near precision. This includes weapons that are not reproductions of antique
     firearms and some types of airsoft or blank guns

From google, it appears only resident LE and such can legally ccw.

Can of mace (if legal) and a bright flashlight perhaps?

Besides, it’s Canada............  :-)