Sounds like a gas problem to me.
I say pull the gas block and take some measurements to try to verify that the hole in the gas block lines up with the barrel gas port. The hole in the gas block should be bigger than the gas port allowing for some wiggle room. Make sure your gas tube is centered in the upper and not pulled to one side by the barrel nut.
If you have a collapsible "carbine" type stock, you should be using a standard carbine buffer. Rifle needs rifle.
What he said. If you read the instructions for initial adjustment for an adjustable gas block, you are supposed to close the port until the bolt fails to lock back. Then you open it a 1/4 turn and test. Adjust and test until the bolt locks back, adjusting as many times as it takes to get enough gas to lock back.
That sounds like your problem -- system is getting too little gas.
Heavier buffers are designed to slow down the cycle rate of the BCG in cases where the rounds are not chambering properly. If the cycle rate is too fast, the BCG can literally bounce out of battery after being pushed into battery by the buffer spring and buffer. A heavier buffer can prevent the BCG from bouncing back.
The rate of cycle can be adjusted if you installed an adjustable gas block. The ones I used work very well, though I've heard from others there are adjustable ones they don't like for some reason. Some AR's even come with gas system adjustment knobs to accommodate very dirty rifles you can't stop to clean, and suppressors which may cycle better and more quietly with less gas driving it.
Gen II - .750" Adjustable Low Pro Solid Gas Block from Syrac Ordinance.
http://www.syracordnance.com/collections/all/gas-blocksI ordered 2 at once, and shipping was $5.95 to Hawaii.
So, focus on the amount of gas being delivered through the gas tube and gas block. Sounds like it's not enough.