Such a huge topic, not really sure what to say. I would like to add a 3rd bullet point for discussion if I may. If you want you can add it to your OP, if not thats fine to.
How should the 2nd amendment be analyzed?
1) legal wording of the law itself
2) writings of the founding fathers
3) Discussions and changes to the bill before being passed.
I personally think that we need to go by the wording itself, not historical context or the writings of the founding fathers.
There was an article I came across some time ago that focused on the issue but I haven't found it since. In trying to find it again just now I noticed that there is article after article which claims conservatives changed the meaning of the 2nd amendment, that the NRA became political, and that they created the idea that it was for personal ownership, as opposed to only for militias. There is a lot of propaganda against us.
So, why can't you answer the question: "What does it mean TO YOU?"
Saying "I think that we need to go by the wording itself" states your opinion on the analysis question you want to add, but you posted nothing on the OP's question.
If you can't even answer the original question, I don't think you should expect anyone to change their question for your benefit.
I think all amendments get short changed. It began when we started referring to them by the shortened titles "First Amendment", "Second Amendment", etc.
The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America carries with it the importance of the document it amends. The Constitution is the framework upon which our nations government is based, from the election of the President on down to the rules for amending the document.
Only the most important aspects of government were included in the Constitution:
Article. I.
Section. 1.
All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Section 2. (The House of Representatives)
Section 3. (The Senate)
Section 4. (Elections)
Section 5. (Rules of House & Senate meeting, voting, record keeping and adjournment)
Section 6. .....
Article II. Section. 1.
The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows...
...
Article III.
Section. 1.
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
...
Article. IV.
Section. 1.
Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
...
Article. V.
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate.
Article. VI.
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Article. VII.
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
...
We are talking about the very definition of our government. Only the most critical and fundamental ideas and rules for our nation are included.
Because of the difficulty involved in passing an amendment, these too should be critical, fundamental ideas. The founders didn't want amendments to be taken lightly, so they made the process difficult, but still available.
Some amendments were added as "workarounds". The Constitution didn't allow prohibition of alcohol, so the government and voters changed it. When they discovered they messed up, they repealed it. Shows that not all amendments were as well thought out as others!
In order to protect the public from government's abuse of power, which all governments have done throughout history, amendments were added to protect free speech, free exercise of religion, the right OF THE PEOPLE to keep and bear arms, the right to a speedy trial, due process, right to face one's accuser, etc. All these were added because a government abusing its power would have the ability to usurp the public's human rights if these protections were not in place.
The founders felt the right to keep and bear arms was just as fundamental to our democracy as the 3 branches of government are. Without the means to defend against an abusive government, the Constitution is merely words on a piece of parchment which those in public office, given time, could wipe away and replace with their own laws.
To sum it up, the Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America holds a special place reserved for the most important protections of our liberty and freedom. it is not to be taken lightly, nor should it be changed or repealed to appease a political agenda, particularly when that agenda is being pushed by the very government the Constitution protects us from!