As a strict fan of the US Constitution, I really appreciate your latest post.
According to your quote, appropriation for money for the raising and supporting armies can only go on for two years, maximum. Hence, it is clear that the garrisoning of the planet with US bases today is definitely in violation of the US Constitution.
Furthermore, although the founding fathers could not have envisioned all of the modern aspects of today's military, the Constitution does not give a green light or blank check to military spending that has currently gone beyond the financial means of the nation.
For a "strict fan of the Constitution," you sure don't seem to understand it.

The 2 year limit is NOT related to the raising and supporting of armies, but to the appropriation process. in easy-to-understand words, it means the Congress can't pass a spending bill for the army that provides funding for more than 2 years at a time. They must appropriate funds for 1-2 year periods at a time. That provision gives the Congress the power to limit or expand the size of the military by putting them, as it stands, on an annual budget renewal schedule. It's why the annual fiscal year budget process is so important, yet the Congress can't seem to pass a budget on time to save their lives.
Also, you stopped reading too soon.
The gov't has a duty to train and equip ("organizing, arming, and disciplining") the military for use in times of conflict. Do you believe we can simply call up volunteers on a moment's notice to fight multiple, simultaneous conflicts in different theaters without having an ongoing peacetime mission to prepare?
If you look at the organization of the US military, the vast majority of commands exist to train -- schools, OJT, exercises, etc. When units are deployed, the entire command structure involved changes. Unified commanders, theater commanders and component commanders direct all services' assets to accomplish whatever mission they've been tasked to do.
So, there's really no disconnect with the standing army clause when you consider , by definition, reserves are not part of the standing army, and they make up the great majority of our armed forces. Plus, the Navy has no such 2 year appropriation limits.
Here's the history of it, in case you want to do something about your knowledge gaps:
https://www.heritage.org/constitution/#!/articles/1/essays/52/army-clause