The Garand could not be made to blow up, even with the highest proof loads that could be made up, namely 120,000 psi (CUP), according to the Ordnance Department tests, although cracked left lugs started to appear. The test rifle continued to function normally with standard pressure rounds after that. However, this was with a fully closed bolt and no barrel obstructions. By contrast, a 100,000 pound shot could be depended upon to burst a Springfield rifle receiver.
Occasionally, firing with the grenade launcher blanks resulted in cracked rear walls of this rifle.
The previous round did not sound like a squib.
The rifle did not discharge when the bolt was "closed," as one would expect with a high primer or stuck firing pin.
The tentative conclusion would be that the bolt was not fully closed and the brass let go.
This reinforces the "Fifth Rule," that when anything out of the ordinary occurs when shooting, one must stop firing and investigate until the problem is cured... as noted above by others.
I am pleased that no serious injury occured.
I also note that many times on the high-power range (in my competition days circa 1970), folks would give the operating rod handle an extra rap after releasing it, to ensure that the bolt had really been closed. I always followed this practice, as a matter of imitating the "big boys" at the range.
(I follow this same practice with the M1 Carbine, as these have essentially the same closure mechanism, and with the SKS, to insure that the bolt carrier has actually ridden over the "hump" of the bolt.)
Terry, 230RN
REF:
Hatcher's Notebook, Chapter 8, "The strength of military rifles," p. 198 ff, specifically pp 205-206.