I've held a MOA at 600 using irons a while back...it'll take a lot of practice to get there again, though......
When you say MOA at 600 yards, I assume that you mean keeping to a maximum grouping of 6 inches. Not surprised and like you said, it takes a lot of practice and discipline. I'd honestly be happy with a 6 inch group at 200 yards.
If you know where you are at 100 or 50 you should be able to get a zero at 200.
FWIW, I have experienced shooters that are within MOA at 200 and 300 with irons
Yes. With my chosen zero of 50 yards, I know I will be about an inch low at 25 yards, POA/POI at 50 yards, about 2 inches high at 100 yards and back to about POA/POI at about 200 meters or so. My typical procedure to zero is to shoot 3 round groups at 50 yards from a rest or Lead Sled and adjust accordingly. I will shoot a couple of 5 round groups at 50 yards to confirm the zero and hoping to keep my groups to less than an inch for some level of confidence. After that, I will shoot the metal targets at about 240 yards to "confirm". I am basically confirming zero at 200 yards (or really should be 200 meters), but I still consider that a 50 yard zero.
On the rare occasion that I've had access to a 200 yard range, I've shot groups at 200 yards to confirm zero. But at that range, I am just verifying that I am in the general vicinity and am generally happy with a 8" group or even ok with out to 12" groups. I just can't see the target with enough definition to say that I am putting the red dot back on the same spot to begin with without magnification. I could use the method of putting the POA on top of the dot, but I generally don't since I am not expecting to be that precise anyways.
As mentioned above the 200m zero is where you get picky on point of impact but it is also easily verified at 50 yards for groups. The same goes for the 25/300. The only differences is where you are getting the most picky on your group, either the first crossing of line of sight or the outer crossing. If you zero at 25 or 50 there is a bit of a variance at the outer crossing of line of sight. So in reality when you zero for groups at the outer crossing of the LOS your first crossing will show a lesser identifiable variation due to the closer distance.
I understand the 50yard/200meter and 25yard/300yard zeros (or there abouts depending on your chosen load, projectile weight, etc). As mentioned above, I personally zero to 50 yards and the groups shot at 200 yards (or 200 meters) are to confirm. I can see how refining the zero at 200 yards (or the second crossing) would help further refine the first crossing. However, I just don't feel that I am consistent enough at 200 yards to have much confidence that adjusting the zero at that that distance based on the larger group sizing that I get at those ranges. I think a magnified optic would help in that regard. And yes, I do very much need to practice.
The reason why I asked is that I've heard of precision shooters zeroing their guns anywhere from 200 yards out to 600 yards and even further. However, they are typically doing so with magnified optics to zero their guns. I guess my point is that I didn't think anyone would be really zeroing their 16" barrelled ARs (5.56/.223) at 200 yards, let alone 300 yards, which is what the video in the OP was about. I can see if you're talking larger calibers with magnified optics, but not 5.56/.223 with unmagnified red dots. Again, I am not saying that it's not possible, but just didn't think it was practical.