Interesting design but I got a few comments.
1) We are in earthquake zone. So, this is not so stable. You don't want all this EMERGENCY water to topple over when you actually need it in a QUAKE EMERGENCY.
2) This is good as one of several other water backup storage methods. I would definitely not rely on this as the only method. Aside from #1 above, I also don't like that there is constant water pressure on the pipes (causing potential leaks).
3) The design is not redundant, so #1 and #2 issue above, is made worse if one failure somewhere (one leak) causes all the water to leak out from the entire system. In fact, statistically, the more pipes and fittings you add, you increase the risk level more and more with every barrel added.
4) So, again, it is a great interesting idea but not as fool proof as I would like, for an EMERGENCY stash. For a convenience stash, fine. I would just have the 55 gal barrels normally, with no holes, no pressure on pipes, and yes we would have to scoop water out by hand but it's more durable that way.
Once you have a more sturdy method (like just 55 gal barrels unmodified, with a tight lid), you can add this above design just as an added convenience factor.
One of the pet peeves I have about roof water systems is the crap that is washed into the supply, so there always needs to be some kind of good filtering method. I am thinking for example bird crap and bird flu, or say pollutants accumulated over months on your roof top.
Ideally there would be an automatic (or manual) switch, where you allow maybe one hour of rainfall to wash the crap out, and THEN you start to collect the water.