How about using the camera built into our smart phone? S21 Ultra has a 4k front facing camera . . .
As a dash cam?
S21 Ultra Camera Specs:MAIN CAMERA Quad
108 MP, f/1.8, 24mm (wide), 1/1.33", 0.8µm, PDAF, Laser AF, OIS
10 MP, f/4.9, 240mm (periscope telephoto), 1/3.24", 1.22µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS, 10x optical zoom
10 MP, f/2.4, 72mm (telephoto), 1/3.24", 1.22µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS, 3x optical zoom
12 MP, f/2.2, 13mm (ultrawide), 1/2.55", 1.4µm, dual pixel PDAF, Super Steady video
Features LED flash, auto-HDR, panorama
Video
- 8K@24fps,
- 4K@30/60fps,
- 1080p@30/60/240fps,
- 720p@960fps,
- HDR10+, stereo sound rec., gyro-EIS
SELFIE CAMERA Single
40 MP, f/2.2, 26mm (wide), 1/2.8", 0.7µm, PDAF
Features Dual video call, Auto-HDR
Video 4K@30/60fps, 1080p@30fps
https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_s21_ultra_5g-10596.phpVIOFO A139 PRO Camera SpecsImage Sensor: Front: Sony STARVIS 2 Sensor 8MP 1/1.8 IMX678
Resolutions: 2160P(4K)
Video Resolution: 4K 3840*2160P 30fps
F1.6 Aperture 7 Elements Glass Lens
140° Wide Viewing Angle
i'm not a professional photographer, but I do know a little. Based on the capabilities of the imaging hardware, the S21 Ultra is comparable to the VIOFO A139 Pro hardware.
Both are capable of 4K at 30 fps. The VIOFO can also do 4K@24fps to allow for 3 channels, but the S21 can do 8K at 24 fps as well as 4K@60fps. The phone has better specs in these areas, but given the cost of the phone is about 4 times that of the front A139 Pro camera, it follows that the specs might be better.
What i also notice is the Aperture of the VIOFO is F1.6, while the wide angle lens of the S21 is F1.8. Doesn't seem like a big difference, but when recording in very low light, you want the lowest F-Stop spec you can afford (i.e. largest aperture opening). In addition, the higher the F-Stop, the longer the exposure needs to be, so the 60 fps might introduce more image blur than the F1.6 lens at the same fps.
I think if you can obtain an app for the S21 that can do the same things as the dash cam (turn on when the car starts & off when it stops), loop the video files so you are overwriting the oldest ones as new video is captured, and protecting specific video clips when an event happens (manually or based on sudden braking, impact, etc.), then the phone would be a viable dash cam. One problem is leaving it to record when you might also need to see the screen for GPS/map directions.
The first time I was interested in a dash cam, I toyed with my GoPro 3+ Hero camera. Besides the battery always needing to be charged, having to start and stop recording, making sure it was properly positioned and no parking mode made it okay but not great. The image quality was very good, and since GoPros have a wide angle lens, the view of the road was comparable to a dash cam.
Most of the better/best dash cameras list all of their features. Maybe walk through the list for a dash cam you might like and see if the S21 can do the same or similar functions/features. If not, you need to decide if those are necessary or not regarding your specific needs.