I think you're right about the size thing but it is still kind of confounding to me... AAA batteries are smaller and lighter so they might be ideal for devices that need to be small and light. But AAA batteries have a shorter battery life (I think?) so you would theoretically need more of 'em to power the device!! I say using a single C123 battery would solve any weight/size/battery life issues. But maybe manufacturers want to appeal to a wider market by using the more readily available AAA batteries???
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Engineering:
About 6 years ago the price of bright white LEDs dropped to a reasonable level. I started to buy them and design little high efficiency lighting solutions for my home.
Generally, the common bright white LED components require 3.6 volts to fire. A single CR123 only puts out 3 volts and does not provide enough voltage to turn on an LED.
That is why you will always see 3-AAA size batteries in small LED light solutions. Wired in series, they will provide 4.5 volts which is just a little more than enough voltage to fire an LED array. It is possible to fire LEDs with lower battery voltages, but you would need to build a voltage multiplier circuit. That costs money, so those lights cost more.
Economics:
In an apples-to-apples comparison the larger AA size battery will last about TWICE as long as a similar AAA battery. So did you ever wonder why DURACELL batteries are pre-packaged with these Costco flashlight packages? It is because you will use about TWICE as many cells for a given burn time! But you will notice that the bulk packs of AA and AAA cells cost about the same. (I think the AAA is slightly greater). So for Costco and Duracell this is a win-win situation. You will use twice as many cells and you even pay more for the same number of cells. Duracell is gambling that you, the consumer, will think that since the product came with Duracells, you will continue to purchase Duracell brand batteries... Twice as many of them.
An dey thot dey was fooling dis pua dumb Hawaiian.
In actual practice, the efficiency of the LED lights is so good and the AAA batteries last so long that I don't even notice the additional expense. It is fairly insignificant for the average user.
